How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay

How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay When writing a good Accounting scholarship essay it is important for the writer to read and understand the instructions. This is to make sure one knows well the accounting topic before he or she can start writing. Instructions form the basis or the guideline for which direction the writer will form his or her argument in the accounting subject. This must be followed when the writer is thinking about what he or she is going to write about. In this case the subject is an accounting scholarship essay. It helps for the writer to plan and organize his or her thoughts prior to beginning writing. This is for proper coherence of ideas in the essay. This should be immediately followed by the process of making an outline which helps the writer to organize and streamline thoughts and ideas from the beginning to the end of the essay. Accounting is normally a topic which must be well fitted with specific terms. For one to win a scholarship by writing an accounting essay he or she has to demonstrate that he has more passion and zeal to pursue the course than the rest. A scholarship does not come on a silver plate, it must be earned. A good way to begin writing this essay could be by brainstorming and creating an outline of the relevant ideas to include. Therefore, the writer must see to it that the outline includes all the elements as written in the instructions. The accounting scholarship essay should explain and elaborate in detail every point in the outline. Moreover, accounting scholarship essays must make use of a clear, precise and simplified accounting terminology. Throughout the entire essay the writer has to show some level of maturity in the accounting subject. He or she must be in a position to state and clarify his or her accomplishments in accounting without necessarily showing signs of bragging. The accomplishments in accounting might be the key to winning the scholarship. Furthermore, the writer should see to it that his or her language in accounting is impeccable and without any grammatical mistakes and errors. The question on the accounting scholarship essay must be well addressed and straight to the point, as opposed to throwing ideas here and there without any reliable evidence. To perfect this, there is need for the writer to read the question several times and go through the essay to be sure of what the essay addresses. There should little generalization of the topic or ideas. Lastly, the writer must have someone with p rofound writing and editing experience to proofread the Accounting scholarship essay before it is submitted.

The Phases of the Moon Explained

The Phases of the Moon Explained One of the most often-asked questions that astronomers get is: what are moon phases? Most people know that the Moon appears to change shape over time. Does it look round and full? Or more like a banana or a lopsided ball? Is it up in the daytime or the nighttime? Throughout each month, the Moon appears to change shape while it appears in the sky at different times, including in broad daylight!. Anyone can observe these changes as they happen. The Moons ever-changing shapes are called lunar phases. Gradual Change Anyone can Measure from the Back Yard A lunar phase is simply the shape of the sunlit part of the Moon as seen from Earth.  Phases are so strikingly obvious that we almost take them for granted. However, they can be observed throughout the month from the backyard or via a simple glance out the window. The Moons shape changes for the following reasons: the Moon orbits Earth;both Earth and the Moon orbit the Sun;the Moons orbit is the same length as the time it spins on its axis (about 28 Earth days), which means that we see the same part of the lunar surface all month;the Sun illuminates both Earth and the Moon. Get to Know the Lunar Phases There are eight phases of the Moon that to track each month. New Moon:  During New Moon, the side of the Moon facing us is not illuminated by the Sun. At this time, the Moon is not up at night, but it is up during the day. We just cant see it.  Solar eclipses can occur during the new moon, depending on how the Sun, Earth, and Moon line up in their orbits. Waxing Crescent: As the Moon waxes (grows) into its crescent phase, it begins to show up low in the sky right after sunset. Look for a silvery-looking crescent. The side facing the sunset direction will be lit up. First Quarter:  Seven days after New Moon, the Moon is in first quarter. Only half of it is visible for the first half of the evening, and then it sets.   Waxing Gibbous:  After First Quarter, the Moon appears to grow into a gibbous shape. Most of it is visible, except for a shrinking sliver over the next seven nights.  Look for the Moon at this time during the afternoon, too.   Full Moon:  During the full moon, the Sun lights up the entire surface of the Moon that faces Earth. It rises just as the Sun sets and disappears beneath the western horizon when the Sun rises the next morning. This is the brightest phase of the Moon and it washes out the nearby part of the sky, making it difficult to see stars and faint objects such as nebulae.   Supermoon:  Ever hear of a Super Moon? Thats a full Moon that happens when the Moon is closest in its orbit to Earth. The press likes to make a big deal about this, but its really a very natural thing. A Super Moon happens as the Moons orbit brings it closer to Earth on occasion. Not every month has a Super Moon. Despite the hype about Supermoons in the media, its difficult for the average observer to notice that the Moon might appear only slightly larger in the sky than normal. In fact, famous astronomer Neil deGrasse Tyson pointed out that the difference between a regular full moon and a Supermoon would be about like the difference between a 16-inch pizza and a 16.1-inch pizza.   Lunar eclipses occur only at full moons because the Moon is passing directly between Earth and the Sun in its orbit. Due to other perturbations in its orbit, not every full moon results in an eclipse.   The full moon can appear slightly larger sometimes, creating whats called a Super Moon. Most people really cant tell the difference between them.  Still, its a great chance to observe the Moon!   The other full Moon variation that often grabs media attention is  a Blue Moon. Thats the name given to the second full Moon that occurs in the same month. These dont happen all the time, and the Moon certainly doesnt appear blue. Full moons also have colloquial names based on folklore. Its worth reading about some of these names; they tell fascinating stories about early cultures. Waning Gibbous: After the glorious appearance of Full Moon, the lunar shape starts to wane, meaning it gets smaller. Its visible later at night and into the early morning, and we see a steadily shrinking shape of the lunar surface thats being lit up. The side that is lit up is facing toward the Sun, in this case, the sunrise direction. During this phase, look for the Moon during the day - it should be in the sky in the morning.   Last Quarter: At Last Quarter we see exactly half the sunlit surface of the Moon and it can be in the early morning and daytime sky.   Waning Crescent:  The last phase of the moon before returning to New Moon is called Waning Crescent, and it is exactly what it says: a steadily-shrinking crescent phase. We can see only a small sliver from Earth.  Its visible in the early morning and by the end of the 28-day lunar cycle, it has vanished almost entirely. That brings us back to  New Moon to start the new cycle. Making Lunar Phases at Home Creating lunar phases is a great classroom or home science activity. First, set up a light in the middle of a darkened room. One person holds a white ball and stands a short ways away from the light. He or she turns in a circle, just like the Moon does as it turns on its axis. The ball is illuminated by the light in ways that almost exactly match lunar phases.  Ã‚   Observing the Moon throughout a month is a great school project, as well as something anyone can do on their own or with family and friends. Check it out this month!

Analysis of Globalization and the Production of Locality in Urban Essay - 3

Analysis of Globalization and the Production of Locality in Urban Egypt Article by Farha Grannam - Essay Example The problem arises when globalization is viewed as neocolonialism or Americanization. The flows from the United States and Europe are said to shape the landscape of Cairo in different ways. There is a need for broadening the globalization concept so that the flows responsible for shaping cultural identities and practices. Grannam (250) says that ‘many changes were needed to facilitate the operation of capital†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ this shows that there is a need for several changes to take place in globalization. The new boundaries, differentiation, and social inequalities being produced and clanged by global flows are important to asses. There are things that attract attention to the inequalities that are produced by global processes. Global flows are not only structured but they also structure. There are groups that are empowered by having connections with the western cities. Production of urban locality is an issue that requires to be addressed with the increased movement of images, people, and commodities. Locality is produced by the interactions of those dwelling and those traveling. Locality is what allows individuals to follow collective flows that are resisted in different contexts (Grannam 256). Diane Singerman reviews how there are international scholars who have collaborated in producing information on politics and culture. Looking at Cairo we realize how complicated the normative project of citizenship is within globalization. Through carrying out research on shops, malls, neighborhoods, villages, towns, and historical areas then it is easy to understand the global flows. With the example of Cairo whose economy was not planned, it is easy to understand why it is megalopolis (Singerman 85). I agree that transforming public space to private is legitimated except if it results from the crime, terrorism, or pollution.  

History of American Ethnics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of American Ethnics - Essay Example In their social and political lifestyle they remain naturally embodied in the simple nature of living and in a way they tend to shun away from the civilization process of life. The noble salvage are regarded as backwards and mostly admired for their simplified mode of living. According to, (The University of Texas at Austin Counseling and Mental Health Center, 2015), the minority model stereotype is a model that is characterized for it rare membership in the society and it is oftenly regarded as the highly group that has the highest positions in the socioeconomic circles of success in the society. They are characterized according to their ethnicity, religion and races among other factors. According to The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2014), their characterization comes into effect through their family stability and social status, education levels and their income rates that they acquire. Both the noble savage and the minority have similarities that they share in their day to day life and often, they tend to meet indirectly at different point in time in their social, political and cultural spheres. According to The University of Texas at Austin Counseling and Mental Health Center (2015), the noble salvage has the inborn nature and culture that they have to be proud of their background and that they must intend to keep it running in their lineage. This applies similarity to the minority noble stereotype that is naturally mentored to keep the family wealth and status at par and be proud of who they are and where they came from. The difference here comes in where the noble savage stereotype tend to bank so much on their origin of nature and the minority noble tend to bank so much on civilization. In this case the minority tend to be good in white collar professionalism as they also do well in their academic and educational levels, (T.K., 2010), notes. The blue

Outline the processes of evolution Essay Example for Free

Outline the processes of evolution Essay Outline the processes of evolution and explain how theory of mind is an adaptation resulting from the selective forces that have operated during evolution. Evolutionary psychologists endeavour to understand how animal and human behaviour evolved and the adaptive functions that these behaviours would have had over time. They reflect on ultimate explanations and look for the reasons why such phenomena exist and how this helps to ensure that our genes (the structures containing DNA sequences) are passed to future generations through the process of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary psychology is concerned with identifying which behaviours and psychological traits are adaptive and the function which the latter fulfil. Evolutionary psychologists do not, therefore, look for causal explanations regarding behaviour, but are concerned instead with functional explanations. By researching evolved characteristics and abilities they try to uncover within the processes of evolution how the human mind works, and ultimately how societies function. They conclude that our current physiology and psychology still demonstrate a decisive interplay between adaptations and environments on an evolutionary timescale (Clegg, 2007 pp. 161-2). The theory of evolution is in the most part derived from the work of Charles Darwin (1809-1892). Following many years of painstaking research, most notably surrounding his study of species of the Galapagos Islands, he arrived at the theory that species have gradually evolved from common ancestors. He researched the possible processes through which evolutionary change could have occurred and argued that there is a strong relationship between genes and environment, whereby genes that allow for traits most suited to dealing with changes in the environment will be selected for. Darwin recognized how important sexual reproduction (where genes are passed to the next generation) is for creating variation, and that inherited characteristics and genetic variation are open to random changes. However, the forces of natural selection have effect on these changes enabling the mechanisms that ensure the organism is better able to survive within their environment are selected for, and consequently more likely to be passed onto the next generation. The processes of selection occur over extremely long periods of time. Hominoids (the family containing primates) evolved around 22 to 31 million years ago, with humans appearing very recently on the evolutionary timescale somewhere between 150,000-200,000 years ago. We should note also that since it is the genes that endure over time, selection refers not to the survival of the individual or indeed of the species, but to the survival of the genes. Evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins noted that People act as vehicles to contain the genes, and these are passed on when they reproduce (as cited in Clegg 2007, p 121). Humans, being highly social creatures, require psychological mechanisms that enable them to successfully interact within the social environment. For example, being able to guess what another person is thinking in order to predict how they might behave, or understanding others behaviour so as to be responsive to their feelings, or even being capable of deceit are all highly useful abilities for social interaction. In an evolutionary context, these social skills and empathy with others would have greatly improved an individuals survival chances and/or reproductive success, ultimately increasing the chances of his genes passing onto the next generation. Such traits would have been a positive asset to the species as a whole. As psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen explained by being able to predict one anothers behaviour, two individuals can work together more effectively thereby improving survival chances (As cited in Clegg 2007, p. 133). Our ancestors who possessed such characteristics would have had a great advantage over those who did not. Thus in accordance with Darwins theory these abilities, over time, would have been selected for. The ability to predict and explain the actions both of oneself and of others, and the ability to mentally put oneself in the place of another is known as theory of mind. It is associated with the ability to manipulate and influence others within a social context both in a positive and in a negative way. These abilities are essential in gaining social status and resources, forming alliances and obtaining sexual partners. Ultimately, they are greatly significant in the role they play in reproductive success and our continued survival as a species. Theory of mind interests evolutionary psychologists because it is fundamentally relevant to modern human behaviour. Psychologists are particularly concerned with its evolution and its role, hence much research has been carried out involving children, those diagnosed as autistic, and non-human primates in order to develop upon hypotheses. Evidence collected from research involving these groups has led psychologists to better understand theory of mind and its functions. A large amount of studies on the aforementioned three groups involve testing deception and false beliefs using a version of the Maxi test devised by Wimmer and Perner (1983). However, there are more modern experiments which have revealed evidence of theory of mind in children as young as 2 years old. Further evidence in the form of archaeological findings, such as signs of burial rituals and evidence of art production has been uncovered. The ability to create imaginary images or the notion of an afterlife would suggest that our ancestors were able to conceptualize the thoughts and beliefs of others. Research evidence from experiments carried out involving children from many different societies and cultures shows that theory of mind is universal, and consequently indicates that it may be an evolved adaptation. Much of the research suggests that it may have evolved because it effected human interaction within social environments which would have benefited humans and their offspring. Those who displayed a strong theory of mind are likely to have improved their chances of survival by increasing their social status, or they may have used deception, or plan ahead to their advantage in order to gain more resources. They may have been able to negotiate dangerous situations by predicting others behaviour, or those with a highly developed theory of mind may have had more success regarding sexual reproduction. We can say then that theory of mind is an intrinsic element of our humanness, with evidence suggesting that its adaptive function is a result of the selective forces of evolution. It is all about enhancing social relationships; a perspective that is supported by a number of researchers (Baron-Cohen, 1999; Byrne and Whiten, 1997; Dunbar, 2003) (As cited in Clegg 2007, p. 138). Theory of mind as a psychological mechanism has been a highly influential factor to the developmental progress of the human race, and unequivocally instrumental to the success of the species.

Technology Assisted Reproduction Essays -- Research Reproduction Essay

Technology Assisted Reproduction Introduction Reproduction is fundamental for the perpetuation of a species and therefore is a trait all species possess. Human reproduction is usually not viewed in this context. Extinction of humans is not considered a threat, but the ability to reproduce is an issue of meeting social expectations. Psychologist Dr. Helen Fisher states that society tends to pressure women into feeling that motherhood is their sole connection to being female (Rutter, 1996). Likewise, men are influenced by society into feeling that they need to perform their part by "planting the seed" (Rutter, 1996). Fisher's insight may only represent parts of the reason humans feel the need to reproduce. However, it is evident that the ability to conceive a child is an important issue for most married couples. Unfortunately, complications occur when couples are infertile. Recent developments in reproductive technology have provided alternative methods of reproduction that can greatly enhance an infertile couple's chances of conc eiving. However, there are ethical and legal issues that accompany the use of these reproductive technologies. It is the responsibility of everyone, especially Christians, to become informed of the options reproductive technology can provide as well as the legal and ethical issues involved with their use before taking appropriate action. Background Beginning at puberty, the human male makes millions of sperm a day and continues to do so for about the next 50 years. On the other hand, the human female is born with approximately one million eggs, which are all that she will ever have (Infertility, 1996). The onset of menstruation during adolescence signals the beginning of a cycle in which hormo... ...win births soar with popularity of fertility drugs." Discovery. http://detnews.com/1997/discover/9702/20/02170076.htm. (September 24, 1998). Nelson, J.B. (1973). Human Medicine: ethical perspectives on new medical issues. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House. "Reproductive Medicines." (1998). Organon. http://www.fertility-net.com/medicines.html. (September 23, 1998). "Reproductive Technology." (1996). Better Health and Medical. http://www.betterhealth.com/HK/ArticleMain/0,1349,178-496-488,00.htm. (September 23, 1998). Rutter, V. T. (1996, March). "Who stole fertility?" Psychology Today. pp. 46-49. Thomasma, D. C. & Kushman, T. Eds. (1996). Birth to Death. New York: Cambridge University Press. Youngkin, Dr. (1997). "Fertility Drugs." Texas Medical Association. http://www.texmed.org/news_events/radio_spots/ne_may0697_30.htm. (September 24, 1998).

Bad behaviour

Behavior is defined as the way a person undertakes his or her actions. Bad behaviors can be curbed by either positive or negative punishment. I have developed a bad behavior of back biting which I am very determined to finish. I have become a very nuisance gossiper whereby I can back bite ten neighbors in a day. Every time I get a neighbor outside her premises, I always tell her news about the other neighbors with so much exaggeration. I can not leave any rumor undiscussed.Since most of the stories of are not truthful, they end up reaching the person I have talked about. This behavior is costing me most of my friends hence the reason why am seriously thinking about quitting by employing positive punishment. For a start I will begin with always keeping my self busy so as to minimize the chances of meeting my neighbors. Day one: I manage to stay indoors for most of the day but I meet some of my neighbors on my way to the grocery store and although I restrain myself, I end up back bitin g ten times as usual.Day two: am feeling like no matter what happens am not supposed to talk about anybody but unfortunately, my next door neighbor comes visiting. One thing leads to another and I end up discussing seven of my friends. At the end of the day although I can see there is an improvement I am not comfortable. Day three: I nearly swear that am no longer going to be gossiping people, because I have already realized that my greatest weakness is being close to anyone who is willing to listen to my fake news.Although the urge of talking ill about somebody is almost killing me, I do as much as I can to restrain myself but I end up gossiping five neighbors. Day four: I have so much household chores to attend to so I spend the whole day indoors and luckily, I receive two friends only who I send off immediately after attending to them so I manage to finish the day without back biting anyone. I congratulate myself at the end of the day and see it as a day well spent. Day five: I t ravel to visit my grannies who live hundred miles from my home.Although I do not meet with any of my neighbors, I meet an old acquaintance whom we used to live with in the same neighborhood and eventually we gossip three of my neighbors. Day six: I am feeling tired due to my yesterday’s traveling so I don’t feel like seeing any neighbor and therefore I manage to finish the day without a single gossip Day seven: I think I am getting used to not gossiping at all and in fact I don’t feel the urge I had before I decided to quit this bad behavior.Although I happen to meet to meet with some of my neighbors, I happen to gossip no one (Sundel, Sundel, 2005 p 130- 137) I have a major improvement although I have not stopped completely. I think that it is just a matter of time and I quit it all together. REFERENCES Changing Behavior with Positive Reinforcement, retrieved on 3rd, November, 2008, available at http://www. fairview. org/healthlibrary/content/bha_behav_bha. htm Martin Sundel, Sandra Stone Sundel (2005) Behavior Change in the Human Services: Behavioral and Cognitive Principles and Applications, NY, SAGE,

Reaction of Natives to the Japanese Occupation of Sea

The Japanese occupation of Vietnam, Indonesia and Malaya impacted and hence triggered a response in Vietnam, Indonesia and Malaya in the form of various nationalist groups. Some groups were formed and sponsored by the Japanese, yet others were formed to oppose the harshness of Japanese rule. Economic: The economic drain on the colonies in South East Asia resulted in the opposition of the natives towards the Japanese. In Malaya, the devastation and collapse of the economy caused a nightmare for the people of Malaya. However, many nationalist groups were formed within racial groups. The Chinese formed the Malayan Peoples’ Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA). However they were not able to unite the society because membership was limited to Chinese only and they practiced excessive revenge against collaborators, causing the Chinese community to regard them with fear and wariness and the other racial communities could not join, hence fragmenting the effort. The Japanese sponsored the formation of the Indian National Army (INA) led by Chandra Bose, however the independence struggle lacked unity and ultimately failed. They also sponsored the formation of the Union of the Peninsular Indonesia (KRIS), however there was not much support from both the ethnic Malays and Japanese and also failed in the end. In Vietnam, the rampant inflation and the scarcity of basic necessities caused the nationalism in Vietnam to flourish. When the famine in Tonkin broke out in 1944, the Viet Minh took over granaries belonging to the Japanese and rich landlords and distributed the rice to the peasants. This contributed to the rise of the Viet Minh as they were viewed as heroes. Hence, in both cases, the harsh conditions caused by the Japanese occupation led to the rise of nationalist groups in Malaya and Vietnam. Social: The Japanese Occupation changed the society of Vietnam and Indonesia. It gave the people of Vietnam an obvious nationalist cause, to expel both the Japanese and the French. This allowed to Viet Minh, who promoted the struggle for independence, to flourish. The negative effects of Japanese policies roused the nationalist feelings of the people, making them more united in their fight for independence. In Dutch East Indies, the Japanese pursued active policies which affected the development of nationalist groups. The Muslim teachers were given better treatment and respect in contrast to the Dutch who generally ignored them. The Japanese also sponsored the formation of the Consultative Council of Indonesian Muslims, also known as Masjuni, for the Muslims as a channel to voice their views directly to the top Japanese administration. They also imposed a uniform legal and education system, making Indonesian society more united and hence making it easier to cultivate nationalist feelings. The social changes caused by the Japanese to these two South-East Asian countries contributed to the rise of nationalism, which in turn served as the backbone of the natives’ struggle for independence after the Japanese occupation. Political: The political changes in Indonesia and Vietnam aided the rise of nationalism in these two countries. In Indonesia, the Japanese released several notable pre-war leaders from prison, allowing the released leaders to lead the nationalists. They also promoted the formation of the Pemuda Movement, which together with PETA helped to mobilize many youths and exposed them to nationalist ideas. Hizbullah, an organization for youth who opposed colonialism, was also formed. Furthermore, Soekarno, one of the released leaders, gave numerous nationalist speeches to active youths. These youths formed a significant base for the nationalist opposition to the re-imposition of Dutch colonial rule. In Vietnam, the rise of nationalism led by the Viet Minh and Ho Chi Minh, is seen when the harsh conditions caused by the Japanese resulted in the solidification of the struggle by the Vietnamese for independence from the French and Vietnamese. Furthermore, the Japanese also actively strengthened religious groups like the Cao Dai and Hoa Hao to counter the influence of the communists and nationalists. However, these groups would later become major nationalists groups after the Japanese Occupation. The Japanese directly caused the rise of nationalism in these two South-East Asian countries due to the effects of their policies, effectively aiding the nationalists in their struggle for independence from not only the Japanese but also their former colonial masters at the end of the war. In conclusion, the groups that mushroomed as a result of the Japanese occupation served as the main backbone of anti-colonial struggles for independence both during and after the Japanese occupation. Though the rule of the Japanese varied in different countries in the region, the end result was the same in all, nationalist groups ready to lead the struggle for independence with or without Japanese support. The reaction of the people in response to the Japanese forever changed the history of South-East Asia.

Walmart in the South

Walmart in the South Introduction Walmart’s success in Mexico can be attributed to its competitive cost-reduction strategy. The implementation of NAFTA helped to solve most of the problems that Walmart was facing. Part of the success comes from the new manufacturing companies that established in Mexico. The production of goods in Mexico reduced Walmart’s reliance on imports.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart in the South specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Improved infrastructure played a role in enhancing the effectiveness of the firm’s logistics system. Walmart faces reduced growth in the U.S. market, and varied success in the international markets. There is a culture clash between subsidiaries’ managers and the group’s executives. The firm can use local brands to enter new markets. There is a greater opportunity if Walmart can exploit the unmet needs in the emerging markets. Analysis The implement ation of NAFTA helped to solve most of the problems that Walmart was facing (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart is known as a low price retailer. Without NAFTA, Walmart was finding it hard to maintain low prices. A tariff rate of 10% made it difficult to compete with local firms (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). It shows that Walmart relied on imports, before the formation of NAFTA. Walmart’s success can be attributed to NAFTA, which is based on imported goods. Part of the success comes from the new manufacturing companies. As a result of the new manufacturing companies, Walmart does not need to import some of the products. The tariff rate is 3% in the post-NAFTA era (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart can obtain the goods at a free-tariff rate if they are manufactured in Mexico. The manufacture of goods in Mexico helped Walmart to avoid imports. Freight costs and tariffs are eliminated as a result of local production. NAFTA helped to reduce the cos t of imported goods. Part of the success comes from improved infrastructure. Better infrastructure has helped Walmart to solve the logistical problems that it encountered when it entered Mexico (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). The firm was finding trouble to use its experience in logistics because Mexico lacked supportive infrastructure. The Mexican government and the private sector have been involved in improving infrastructure. Any American firm would have encountered similar logistical problems. Walmart’s central distribution centers have reduced part of the problem. The distribution centers provide a central location, which reduces the overall distance that goods need to be transported. It can be noted that Walmart’s competitive strategy provides its ability to succeed.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walmart has continuously reduced prices as part of its competitive strategy (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). Walmart relies on low prices to capture a larger market share. The ability to negotiate with suppliers for lower prices is Walmart’s competitive strategy. Walmart captured a large market share through acquisitions, which gave it a higher bargaining power over suppliers. Competitors collaborated to have a similar advantage. However, they are disappointed by Walmart’s continuous reduction of product prices. Walmart’s success in competitive pricing can be attributed to its strategy to gain a large market share, and collaborate with suppliers. Another American retailer would not have succeeded with a different strategy. Walmart’s strategy in reducing costs gave it a competitive advantage. Comerci and Soriana have combined their purchases to gain a higher bargaining power over suppliers (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart’s main strategy is to reduce costs by working c losely with suppliers. Comerci and Soriana are forced to combine their purchases because they have lost their market share. Comerci and Soriana need a continuous improvement strategy to reduce cost. The firms need internal controls to reduce costs continually. If they can continually reduce costs, they will be able to match Walmart’s competitiveness. Walmart’s strategy in Mexico and Central America is to focus on cost reduction, and an efficient logistics system. The effectiveness of the logistics system has been used to support suppliers, and the distribution network (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). Walmart segmentation makes it easier to target specific demographic groups. Bilateral agreements have reduced the tariff rates of imports from 49 countries (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart has gained a wider range of option in countries from which it can import goods. NAFTA reduced tariff rates in North America making it easier for the firm to import pr oduct from the U.S. into Mexico. Geographical proximity has an impact on free trade agreements as it can be seen in the NAFTA agreement. It has an impact on the cost of freight. It affects the speed at which goods may be imported. When countries are located close together, goods take less time on board.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart in the South specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the challenges the firm may face as it expands include culture clashes, logistical problems, intense rivalry from local brands, and misunderstanding consumer preferences in different countries. Intense rivalry emerges when competitors copy Walmart’s pricing strategy. Misunderstanding consumer demand comes from entering new markets. Logistical problems are attributed to poor infrastructure, and different trends in new markets. Alternatives Enter new markets using local brands, and then convert to Walmart after some tim e (BDC par. 4) Walmart used the same approach in Mexico (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 363). It can work in markets where people are loyal to local brands. The firm may also use local brands permanently. Advantages The firm can capture a large market share rapidly because it is able to benefit from the local brand. It provides time to win local brand loyalists, before changing to Walmart. It provides time learn and integrate new cultures. Disadvantages It may build the local brands instead of promoting Walmart as a brand. It may be necessary to have separate marketing programs to capture different brands, which may increase marketing costs. Find markets for products that can be made locally as new products Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 5) suggest that the best way to succeed in the emerging markets is to find unmet needs, and develop products to meet the needs. The firm can seek to find out why some products are not very successful, and find ways of increasing the attractiven ess of the products. Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 3) discuss that multinationals fail to succeed in emerging economies because most of them think that reducing costs is the only formula to succeed. Advantages New products in new markets have a potential for rapid growth in revenues. Customers in emerging markets have a tendency of trying new products (BDC par. 3). Disadvantages New products may need a lot of marketing to create awareness. New products may turn into slow moving stock. New products may need importation, which increases cost. Walmart can succeed by targeting the largest social class in a country Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 5) explain that when a company targets high-income earners in emerging economies, they may not be very successful. The reason is that high-income earners do not form a large part of the population in emerging economies. Advantages Middle-income earners are increasing in emerging markets. Revenues rely on the sale of basic commodities, which can get support from middle-income earners. Disadvantages The largest social class may have a low purchasing power, especially in emerging markets. The major difference between high-income earners and middle-income earners may be in the purchase of durables. Middle-income earners may purchase less of durable products than high-income earners. Walmart needs to update its automatic logistics system to recognize products with a high percentage of discounts, which they would not want to be reordered Advantage It will prevent reordering of products that do not maximize profits. Disadvantages It will be costly to regularly update the programmed system to match emerging needs. It will need verbal communication between managers of units, executives, and developers of the program. One of the ways of managing culture diversity is by managing the flow of information Nataatmadia and Dyson (581) discuss that knowledge sharing can applied down-upwards within an organization to improve mul ticultural understanding. Nataatmadia and Dyson (582) support written communication as opposed to verbal communication for communities where English is learnt in the classroom rather than from practice. Advantages Written communication creates time for better statements and understanding between members. Written communication gives time to non-native English speakers to understand the subject. Managers can learn new things about the people’s culture. Disadvantages Written communication may require support software such as intranet or internet. It involves additional cost. Written communication may reduce openness, which is necessary for sharing knowledge. The Arkansas executive can allow managers in individual countries to create their own organizational culture provided that they meet the firm’s objectives The organization can have only the core parts of its organizational culture standardized.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Advantage The subsidiaries can meet the organization’s goals without having a culture clash between managers and employees. Disadvantages Walmart’s organizational culture may be lost when each subsidiary is identified with a different organization culture. It may difficult to transfer the same success Walmart has in the U.S. to other countries if managers cannot adapt to Walmart’s organizational culture. Conclusion Walmart has the alternative to manage by objectives, and allow subsidiaries to form their own organizational cultures. Sharing knowledge can be used to reduce culture clashes between managers. Walmart continuously reduces prices, which may prevent competitors from catching up with its low price strategy. Competitive pricing may not always be successful. Exploiting the unmet needs is a formula that may work best in emerging markets. Recommendations The firm can enter new markets using local brands. Acquisitions are a good penetration strategy in ne w markets with strong local brands. Television advertisement provides a better coverage, but is very expensive. In the U.S., in 2011, it was about $110,000 on average for a 30-second ad (Crupi par. 1). They can be used in the early stages, before the firm reverts to other methods of advertisement. Later, the firm can scrap out advertisement costs, which can be used to lower the cost of products. BDC. Doing Business in Emerging Markets. 13 Jun. 2010. Web. Crupi, Anthony. In Their Prime: Broadcast Spot Costs Soar. 22 Jun. 2011. Web. Daniles, John, Lee Radebaught and Daniel Sulivan. International Business. 14th ed. 2011. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Print. Eyring, Matthew, Mark Johnson and Hari Nair. New Business Models in Emerging Markets. 31 Jan. 2011. Web. Nataatmadia, Indrawati and Laurel Dyson. â€Å"Managing the Modern Workforce: Cultural Diversity and Its Implications.† Proceedings of the 2005 Information Resources Management Association International Confe rence. San Diego. May 15-18 (2005): 580-584. IRMA. Web.

Choosing a Coursebook and Teaching Materials for ESL

Choosing a Coursebook and Teaching Materials for ESL Finding the right coursebook is one of the most important tasks a teacher needs to undertake. This quick guide will help you in your decision-making process and point you to some of the resources on this site that can help you find the right coursebooks and supplementary materials for your course. Tips Evaluate the makeup of your class. Important considerations include the age, final course (are the students going to take a test?), objectives, and whether the class is made up of students learning for work purposes or for a hobby.If you are teaching a standard test course (TOEFL, First Certificate, IELTS, etc.) you will need to choose a coursebook that specifically for these tests. In this case, make sure to choose the coursebook based on the age of the class. Dont choose a book that prepares for another test as these tests are very different in construction and objectives.If you are not teaching a standard test course, are you going to teach a standard syllabus or do you want to focus on a specific area such as conversation or making presentations?Standard syllabuses require books that will cover grammar, reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills.If you are teaching a non-standard syllabus class, maybe focusing on one skill set, youll need to get some resource books for your classroom work. If you would like to take a different, non-grammar based, approach then take a look at either the lexical approach (focusing on building language skills from vocabulary and linguistic forms) or the Brain friendly approach (focusing on bringing a wide variety of learning types into play).If you are going to teach a Business English or ESP (English for Specific Purposes) course you will need to not only find a standard special English book but also use the Internet as a means of finding specific information and content related to the industry.You may also want to consider using the software as a means of extending the possibilities in the classroom.

Ethos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethos - Essay Example ect has received awards such as the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences and has been nominated for a 2009 Daytime Emmy Award, the reputation of the project is good and makes a reader know the project in advance even before attending the events (The Latino Comedy Project Web). The previous awards qualify the website to be credible. The project’s reputation may induce a reader to believe the website even without proof because of the good sense and the goodwill. The Latino Comedy Project website designer has also proved the credibility of the website and the project by using few words and language that is appropriate for the comedy industry. The like â€Å"one night only† are brief and are widely used in several comedy advertisements and would therefore prove the credibility of the website (The Latino Comedy Project Web). Additionally, inclusion of several other venues and events in the calendar, including contact and an interactive email list is enough to confirm that the website is credible and the Latin Comedy Project is real. The website sounds fair to everyone who loves comedy and it has revealed the expertise of the Latin Comedy